Telegraph system



' tions from a side linefthere'l rom. J.

'Patented' May 31,1927 v i I a i o 'ivrnatron Hart), on; NEW ion-K, N; Y}, n ssrelvon 'ronivmmoan 'mniinrnonn' iiim J f 'T'ELEG'RAPH ooMrarIY, A' oon rorsarion; oninn'w YORK,

This invention relates to telegraphsys additional subscribers; Fig.2 is a m odi fica toms, and more particularly to arrangements, tron of the rangements of-Fig', lfin which 1n half duplex telegraph systems for operbut one fro 1.fl 1 l tral' ffi j ating one or more telegraph subscr bers stareqiure lif f hi b -ib hat; i dd d 7 V J p I to the sidellne connected to the duplextele A telegraphsnbscrber s side-line has'been gra pl1set, and Fig. 3 represents arranger commonly employed lIl'COIlDGCilOI'l w th half nients'ftor directlycalling in the attendant duplex telegraphsystemsto ext-end servlc'e toat thefd'uplezcset which is'on the main-line. a subscriber notlocated along the main line Theiarrangementsf-of Fig. -3 may be applied 10 of the'ha'lt duplex telegraph system when to the'embodi'ments disclosed in' Fi 1 or the subscriber Was so far from the main line Fig; 2'. v v r otthe haltduplex telegraph system as to Referring to Fig. 1', reference character 1.1 preclude the eliicient use of the usual loop represents a line which 'ma'y be connected connection at the repeater point in the inain to a duplex telegraphset- (not shown); The l5vli'ne circuit nearest the subscriber. "A' duwinding bf relay 2 is connectedin the subplex telegraph set was connected to the-re scribers;transmitting circuit in series rela' peater in the mainline circuit nearest the tionship with batteryfi, resistance tand key subscriber, the'side line beingconnected t0 5. The winding of the sounder 6 is arthe line side ofthe duplex 'telegrapllset and ranged in'the telegraph subscribers receiv- 20 extending directly to the subscribers office, 'ing circuit in series relationshipwith battery or a nearby local centraloliice. Ithas been 3, the armature j7'otthepolar relay 8, and common 'aracticefto connect'this side/line resista gf) I I v a v 1 [1' through a single Morse relay and telegraph ':Thesubscriber keeps key 5Jc1osed during key to ground 'at' the subscribers ofiice' the reception of signals trom the d'uplex'set 25 through whatever potential was availableat overlfline '1; Thus, the "winding of relay 2 the subscribers office or at the n earbylloc'al is energized, attracting armatur'es 10 and' 1 1 central oflice; This arrangement Wa s' then Armature.-10. connects one terminal of the operated by the so-called upsetjduplexf Winding ofth-e polar relay 8 tothe line'l, method, \vell known to tho'se skilledfinthe "theotlie'r terminal of the winding of polar art} 'Diiticulty' usually arose'in' such an arrelay 8 being grounded, lvlarkingand pacrangement by reason of the'fact thatthe bat{ ing signals 'that come in over line l by the 1 tery potential at this outlying pomtwas'not reversal-of battery at'the duplex telegraph sufficiently high for goodopera'tion against v seti'nove the armature? o'f th'e pola r l the normal potential available at the'iduplex" 8- betweenconta'cts, 12 and 13 respectively." 35 telegraph set. A current overrideusually Thus,*the receiving i it f the resulted'with a consequent reduction in the, V scribeflsfset," which comprises the Winding 7 margin of operation, particularly at'the out- .of'the'sounder armature 7 and battery 3, lying subscribers relay. l is close d'and opened in accordanceWith-the a It is an object of the present invention 'marking and spacing signals transmittec'l to provide means for operating a telegraph over line a v snbscribers side line from a; duplex tele- The subscriber closes key 5to transmit a graph set, and further to provide means for marking-signal over line 1. I Thus relay 2 adding a plurality of subscribers circuits to, is ener'gizecljarmatures' 10 and 11 being atthe side line as the requirements necessitate. .tracted,armature 10'connectingthe Winding I v 45 This invention has been. illustrateddia' of the polar relay 8,"one terminal of which grammaticall in the accompanying draw is grounded, to'the line 1, vSince thereis ings, in which, for the sake ofsiinplicity, no'battery atthis end of the sideline in only so much of a telegraph system has been 7 seriesiwith the Winding of the polar relay 8, shownas is necessary to a clear understandand assuming that the line at the duplex V ing of, the invention. Figure 1 represents telegraph seti is balanced by the artificial arrangements for operating a telegraph subline at the (lttPlQXjtGQlgIjfiPll set, there Will scribers side line from a duplex telegraph be no operating effect in the windings of set to Which sideline additional subscribers the line relay at theduplex' telegraph set may be connected by providing 'tWo loops when the key is closed. The line relay'of 5 from the local central ofiice for each of such the duplex telegraph set Will therefore have to be'biased to itsiinark-ing.position'to proe vide marking signal at the duplex .tele} 2 graph' effecting a'marking signal The subscriberopens key- 5 "ing of relay 2 is deenergized, releasing armatures and :11',;ther eby upsettinggthe balance of the duplex telegraph set and causing'the armature ofthe line relay at the F polar relay 8 in the duplex telegraph set'toniove toits' spacing contact; '1 Closure vofthe contact of armature 11 connects. battery v3 to the win-dingofthe; circuit including resist-1 ancel and armature 11 In orderthat the subscriber may properly read his own Sig nals th'e battery 3 must be-sO poled-that,"

' when current flows from the battery. 3

through the winding ofthe polarjrelay 8, armature 7 will move to 'its 'spacing,contact:13. Inasmuch as the battery 31 and the line 1 are both connected on the, same side; of thewinding of the polar relay 8, the p larity of the battery 3 at the subscribers V stationinust be the same asthe polarityof the spacing battery at the duplex" telegraph set connected to the line 1. i

. Additional subscribers may be; connected to the arrangements: represented in Fig. 1.

by extending two loopslto each of such additional subscr bers. One of the loops, Wl'llChWVlll includea key 15,15 connectedj n series relationship'with key of the, sending, circuit of the subscribers set by opening the circuit at 16 and connecting the loop atthat point. A sounder17 maybe providedfor each of such additional subscribers by open-- ing the circuit at ,18 to permit the winding; :ofsounder 17 to be connected in series rela tionship with: the, winding ofsounder 6.

-Fig. 2 represents arrangements for operating a subscribers side line from a duplex "telegraplrset, in winch arrangements-only one loop. is required for each subscriber.

The operatin'gtwinding 22 of the relay 23 is i 'in series relationshipfwith the battery 2%}, I resistance 25, the armature-26'of the polar re- 7 lay 27,.the winding of the sounder 28', and the key 29. lVhen winding 22 of; the relay 23-is energized, armature is attracted, and the line" 21, which leads to the duplex telegraph set, is connectedtothe winding of the polar relay 27 and. the winding of the polar relay 31,; one terminal of Which is .Igrounded; I r I s :'lhesubscriberkeeps key 29 closed during the reception of signals over llne 21. 1 Thus,

armature. 30 is attracted and line 21 islconnected to thewindings of polar relays 27,

and 31 through armature 32and contact 33. A marking signal that comes in over line 21 energizes the windings of "polar relays 27 and 31 and moves the armatures 26 and 34: downward toclose contacts 35 and 3.6 1391 set when'the key 5'is closed. ;The winding thesounder '61s also energized,

; V to transmit a T spacing signal over line 1. Thus. theyw1nd iceocao is opened and a spacing signalis transmitted to. th su s 1ihe s 'through the circuit which includes 'ibattery 24s, res stance 37 and contact 36 to ground, butan operating current wlll now flow from winding 38 of the relay 23: Thus, relay- .23; will be locked when spacing signals are'be On,-op en1ngv contact 36, currentwill therefore not-flowbattery 24 through resistance 37 and the 7 'ing received over line 21, when thewinding 22 of the relay 23 is deenergiz ed by reason of the opening of the circuit' in series therewith at contact This further prevents a spacing signal from being repeated bacl tothe line.

, 'j'lhesubscriber, closes key=29 to trans 'nitlai'. I

marking signal over line*21, 'llhu's, the winding 22 is energized and arin'aturefiO is attractechplacing the -windings of polar re-. lays '27, and 31in series relationship with the Q lin ef21. The'line relay of the fduplex'telegraph set will necessarily have to be biased to'its marking position, as-deseribedhereine,

before, since there will be no operating effect in the-line relay at the duplextelegraplrset if the duplex telegraph set is normally balanced, no'battery being arranged i1i "series with the line at thesubscribers set. i

' To transmit a spacing signal over the subscriber opens key 29. Thus, winding 22;of the relay 23 becomes energized because I of the opening -of circuit in series relationship therewith, armature '30 is released Armatures the 32, move synchronously, being connected by,

ablock of insulation. Before armature 32 opens contact 33, however, the armature 30 closes thef'contact' at armature 39 and pet mitscurrent to flow in the ci rcuit including battery 24, resistance 40, armature 30, armature 39 and the w ndings of relay s27 and 31., Thus, thearmatures 26 and 34: of the polar relays 27 and 31 closetheircontacts to prevent a spacing signal fronibeing repeated back to the subscribers circuit, and further, to prevent the relay 23 from being locked becauseof a flow of current through the winding 38 thereof. Onthe opening of contact 33, the -polar rela'ys 27 and 31 are'taken off the line 21 :and the balance and lf f line 21,;

the.

of the line relay atthe duplex telegraphset is.upset causingthe armature thereof to move to its spacing contact. It will be understood that the polarity ofbat-teryf2 l will.

be the same asthepolarity of the marking battery at the duplex telegraph set;

Additional subscribers may be connected o. l l 6. SL1 $Q l ae x l lt b awning i9;

cuits are combined. "Thus, each Subscriber would be provided withja key and a sounder in one local circuit, which would be in series relationship with the 'w'inding 22 of the relay 23.

Fig. 3 represents-an embodiment"'ot the invention which is adapted for directly calling in the attendant at -the duplex telegraph set. In accordancewith these arrangements, the subscriber would not'be required to get the attention ot'tlre'op erator atfan outlying central ofiice. vention may be applied to the arrangements of eithergFig. 1 or Fig.2;

A differential relay having windings 46 and L7, which are oppositely directed on' the same core, connected in series relatlonship with the windingo'f the relay i8 in a circuit including battery 4-9, winding of relay 48.

winding 46 of the differential relay, key'50,

winding 47 of the differential relay, and re sistance 51. Another key 52 and resistance 53 are connected to ground from one side of the key 50. When key, 52 is open, key

remaining closed, the armature 54; of the differential-relay will not be attracted because the current flowing through Winding 4L6 is equal to the current flowing through WVhen key 52 is openand key50 is also-open, there will be no current ineithen'winding of the differential relay.

' Marking-and spacing signals coming in over line 45 cause a movement of the armatui'e 55 of the polaryrelay6O between contacts 56 and 57 respectively, closin and opening the receiving circuit of, the sub- .s ribers set, which includes battery 49 contact 56, armature'55, resistance 58, and the winding of sounder A markingsignal is transmitted by cl'osing' key 50. Thus; the winding of the relay 48 is energizecl,*at-

tracting armature 61 to connect the WlDCllIU of the polar relay-60'to the line 45. The line relay of the duplex telegraph setis biased to marking, as hereinbefore described. A spacing signal'may be transmitted by opening key 50. The Wiudingof relay 48 is thereby deenergized releasing armatures 61 and 62. Thus, the balance at the duplex telegraph set is upset and the armature of the line relay at the duplex telegraph set moves toits spacing contact. Armature 62 closes a circuit including battery 49, arma-b ture 62, resistance 63, and the winding of polar relay 60, in order to enable the sub scriber to hear the spacing signal, as described hereinbefore'.

When the subscriber desires to call the attendant at the repeater station, he closes the key 52, therebyconnecting resistance 53 in shunt with Winding 47 of the diflerential- This" embodiment} of the ina-line, means for signaling over relay. Assuming that "tliefresistance 531 is properly 1 proportioned withuesp'ect to the resistance of WII KlIHQ LT and resistance 51,

more currentxwill flow, from battery 49, I

through the winding 46, than through the windings? oi the differential relay. Armature 5 4 -will therefore be attracted, closing contact 64,- thereby permitting currentfto flow from battery .49, through the winding 'ot relay' 65, through armature 5i and contact 6 4. As-the winding ofrelay 65 becomes energized, the arn'iatuie 66 will beattracted and Wlll ClOS6 thecontact67, and thereby connect the ringing generator 68 to the linefl 45 through the armature 6'6. Arrangements i may be provided at the, d'uplexitelegraph set for locking the circuit' at that station until th'e'atteudantat that station has answered the call. Thu s, the subscriber may call in. the attendant at the repeater station lVhile this invention has been disclosed as embodied in certain particular arrangements it islto be understood that itis ca-, pablelof embodiment in many and widely varied"organizations without departing from the spirit of tlie invention and the winding-47 ofthe difler'entialrelaypbut is oppositely directed with respect ftheretoh scope of the appendedclaimsf- VVh ft isclaimed is: i r 1. In a telegraph system, in combination, a line, means for signaling over jarnraturebf said polar re'lay, one armature 11o offsaidneutral relay beingarranged to connect the winding "of said polar relay to the line when said' neutral relay becomes energi'zed and to disconnect saidpolar relay from the line iwhen'saidneutral relay is deenergized, the other armature of said neutral relay being arranged to connect the Winding of sai'd'polar relay to said source of potential when the neutral relayibecomes deenergized.

2 In a telegraph system, in combination,

said line,'a subscribers set dropped from saidline to transmit and receive signals over said line, said subscribers set having a sending circuitv and areceiving circuit in which a source of potential is in common thereto, said sending circuit including a key and the Winding of an electromagnetic relay,said receiving circuit including asounder, one armature of Isaidfline, a subscrlbers-set connected to sa d hne comprlslng a neutral relay having said electromagnetic relay being arranged to arm ature of saidelectromagneticlrelay bein 7 arranged toconnect said-source OTEPQtBDtli to said polar relay, and means for signaling a plurality of additional subscribers, each of subscribers being provided loop and a receiving loop,

such additional with a sending said" sending loop including transmitting means and being arrangedin series relationship with said sending circuit, said receiving loop including receivingmeans and being arrangedjin series; relationship with said receiving circuit. f

3. A; telegraph subscriberscircuit associated withja line over which signals are said key,

transmitted and received comprising a neutral relay having twoarmatures, asource of 'asounder, and apol ar relay,

potential, a key, a

the winding of said neutral relay,

and said source of potential forming a transmitting circuit, said sounder, the armature of said polar relay and said source of po tential forming a receiving circuit, the wlnda sendingcircuit. extended to the. subscriber including transmitting means and a source of potential, a receiving circuitexte'nded to thesubscriber including recelvmg means and a source of potential, a polar relay hav ng its 'windingassociatedwith said line andits armature associated withthereceiving circuit, means for signaling a: plurality ,of additional subscribers, each of such ,additional subscribers being provided with, two loops, one including a key and the other including a sounder, said key being arranged in series relationship ,with the transmitting V meansof said sending circuit, said-sounder being arranged in seriesrelationship with the receiving means of said receiving;circuit.-

5., In a telegraph system, in combination,

vided with two loops, one

- i memo line, means tor signaling overline, two subscribers CIICUltSe including respectivelyf transmitting means and 'receiving means, a polar: relay having its,' ,winding associated with said line and its armature associatedwith the ,IGCGlVll'lg means, and

means for slgnaling a'pluralityor" other subg 1 scribers, eachoi said subscribers lbeing' pro-- I A I including a key, andthe other a sounder, arranged in series relationship with said transmitting means, said sounder being ,arranged in series relationshipwith said re,- c'eiving-me'ans. ,1 7' 1 In a telegraph system, in combination, a line, means forsignali-ngover said-line,

a key, asounderfand a polar relay, said polar relay being operated by the reversals of current arriving from ,thedistant end of said 'l-ine during said polar'relay being disconnectedjfrom the line to permit the application of spacing potential thereto from a local source when .said key is opened during the' transmission of signals, said polar relay being also reconnected to said line to permit the application of, marking potential thereto "from, the distantiend of said line when said key 'is closed during the transmission of signals.

I i 7 In a telegraph system, incombination, a -main line, means for signaling over/said said key being the reception of signals,

main line, a subscriberscircuit connected to 1 saidl main line including transmitting means i and receiving means, means forwsignaling one or more other subscribers, each of such other subscribers being provided with a key and a sounder. to permit the transmlssion and reception-ofsignals by each of such other -subscribers, said key being arranged in T cries relationship with said transmitting with said receiving means, and means :to vpermit each of such other subscribers to call in the attendant on said ma n In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification this 16th day of June, 1925. a

Mna'roN c. A L;

means; said sounder being arranged in series relationship 

